Q. Color additives prior sanctioned food ingredients by
- (FD&C) Act
- GRAS recognization
- None of the above
- All of the above
Answer: b)
- Risks and benefits associated with food and color additives as well as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) and prior sanctioned food ingredients. These latter classes of food ingredients were established by the 1958 Food Additive Amendments to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic (FD&C) Act and are not legally classified as food additives in the United States.
Q. Number of synthetic color additives may be added in food are
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 15
Answer: c)
Currently, nine synthetic color additives may be added to foods. Color additives that are exempt from this certification process include pigments derived from natural sources such as vegetables, minerals or animals, or the manmade equivalents of naturally derived colors.
Q. Which artificial color is specially labelled on the finished goods
- Tartrazine
- Erythrosine
- Sunset yellow
- FD&C Yellow #5
Answer: d)
The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act, which amended the FD&C Act, requires most foods to bear nutrition labeling and requires food labels that bear nutrient content claims and certain health messages to comply with specific requirements. Two of the exemptions from ingredient labeling requirements have resulted in special product labeling efforts to protect the health of consumers.
First, the act provides that spices, flavorings, and colorings may be declared collectively without naming each one. One exception is the artificial color additive FD&C Yellow #5.
This chemical must be specifically identified in the ingredients statement of finished foods because a small percentage of the population may be allergic or sensitive to the additive. Second, FDA regulations exempt from ingredient declaration incidental additives, such as processing aids, that are present in a food at insignificant levels and that do not have a technical or functional effect in the finished food.
Q. Olestra is approved as fat replacer in which year by FDA
- 1997
- 1996
- 1998
- 1999
Answer: c)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration determines if new additives will be permitted for food use, or if existing additives can be used in additional food products or for new functions (FDA, 1998b). Usually, a commercial company will ask the FDA to approve a new additive or additive use through the submission of a new additive petition. For exam32 Risks and Benefits of Food Additives 33 ple, in 1996 the new additive olestra was approved for food use after the Proctor & Gamble Company filed a petition with the FDA. Olestra consists of sucrose esterified with medium and long chain fatty acids, and is approved as a replacement for fats and oils in some foods (FDA, 1998c).
Q. According to Roberts (1981) and Wodicka (1977) have categorized the major hazards associated with foods, including additives in how many categories
- 4
- 3
- 2
- 5
Answer: 5
- Roberts (1981) and Wodicka (1977) have categorized the major hazards associated with foods, including additives, into five groups, ranked in order of importance: (1) foodborne hazards of microbial origin, (2) nutritional hazards, (3) environmental contaminant hazards, (4) foodborne hazards of natural origin, and (5) food and color additive hazards.